The Moon is the Earth’s natural satellite and a familiar object in the sky. It shines mainly by reflecting sunlight rather than by producing visible light of its own. Its apparent shape changes through a cycle of phases as the illuminated portion is viewed from different positions. These ordinary phases are not caused by the Earth’s shadow covering the Moon each month. One side of the Moon generally faces the Earth because its rotation is coordinated with its orbital motion. This does not mean that half of it is permanently…
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